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Fishbone / Ishikawa Diagram
Fishbone / Ishikawa Diagram
Fishbone / Ishikawa Diagram
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Overview

Track the reasons behind challenges and problems in any domain using this hierarchy based tool — bonus, it looks like a fish, what’s no ...

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At ille pellit, qui permulcet sensum voluptate. Ita fit cum gravior, tum etiam splendidior oratio. Duo Reges: constructio interrete. Vide igitur ne non debeas verbis nostris uti, sententiis tuis. Igitur neque stultorum quisquam beatus neque sapientium non beatus. Invidiosum nomen est, infame, suspectum. Ita enim vivunt quidam, ut eorum vita refellatur oratio. Hanc quoque iucunditatem, si vis, transfer in animum;

Indicant pueri, in quibus ut in speculis natura cernitur. Quonam, inquit, modo? Aliam vero vim voluptatis esse, aliam nihil dolendi, nisi valde pertinax fueris, concedas necesse est. Illud mihi a te nimium festinanter dictum videtur, sapientis omnis esse semper beatos; Commoda autem et incommoda in eo genere sunt, quae praeposita et reiecta diximus; Non semper, inquam; Sin laboramus, quis est, qui alienae modum statuat industriae? Idemque diviserunt naturam hominis in animum et corpus.

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Actionable Takeaways
  • Identify the problem, or effect. 

Define the problem or end effect that is being investigated and w ...

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Quod ea non occurrentia fingunt, vincunt Aristonem; Non autem hoc: igitur ne illud quidem. Qua ex cognitione facilior facta est investigatio rerum occultissimarum. Quamquam id quidem licebit iis existimare, qui legerint. In his igitur partibus duabus nihil erat, quod Zeno commutare gestiret. Idem fecisset Epicurus, si sententiam hanc, quae nunc Hieronymi est, coniunxisset cum Aristippi vetere sententia. Haec dicuntur fortasse ieiunius; Ut optime, secundum naturam affectum esse possit. Estne, quaeso, inquam, sitienti in bibendo voluptas? Ita similis erit ei finis boni, atque antea fuerat, neque idem tamen; Ego vero volo in virtute vim esse quam maximam; Quae cum praeponunt, ut sit aliqua rerum selectio, naturam videntur sequi; Themistocles quidem, cum ei Simonides an quis alius artem memoriae polliceretur, Oblivionis, inquit, mallem.

Sin tantum modo ad indicia veteris memoriae cognoscenda, curiosorum. Quo studio Aristophanem putamus aetatem in litteris duxisse? Habes, inquam, Cato, formam eorum, de quibus loquor, philosophorum. Quod maxime efficit Theophrasti de beata vita liber, in quo multum admodum fortunae datur.

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Fishbone / Ishikawa Diagram is featured in these playbooks:
Limitations

The main issues with the diagram are the differentiation between causes and sub causes. For example, some causes might be complex, with many elements below them, becoming impractical to capture in the diagram. By breaking it up into separate categories, the diagram also does not lend itself to a more connected view of challenges. 

Finally, there is no clear prioritisation within the diagram — all causes seem equal, when in reality a sub cause, which is visually small, might be the key issue. Other causes and sub causes therefore might become a distraction.

In Practice

Internal damages at IKEA.

This paper from Ikea in Portugal describes a process improvement process to address the level of internal damages in Ikea stores. The diagram below was part of a broader analysis process.

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This model will help you to:

The fishbone or Ishikawa diagram, also known as the cause-and-effect diagram, is a core tool within quality management and is commonly used for improvements in products, manufacturing and other fields. 

Use the following examples of connected and complementary models to weave the fishbone diagram into your broader latticework of mental models. Alternatively, discover your own connections by exploring the category list above. 

Connected models: 

  • 5 Whys: in digging to root cause, use this as part of the fishbone process. 
  • Second order thinking: to go beyond the initial cause to sub causes. 
  • 4Ps of marketing: as possible categories. 

Complementary models: 

  • Risk matrix: to consider potential issues with consequences versus likelihood. 
  • Chain reaction/ domino effect: to consider the flow on effects of potential issues. 
  • First principle thinking: to identify and go below assumptions. 
  • Occam’s razor: to cut to the core of the issue. 
  • Divide and conquer: separating out and addressing potential causes.
Origins & Resources

The Fishbone Diagram was created by quality management pioneer Professor Kaoru Ishikawa in 1968. Ishikawa, an engineer, was a leader of quality management at Kawasaki at the time. In his 1986 book, Guide to Quality Control, Ishikawa argued that there were six other key quality tools in addition to what he called the ‘cause-and-effect diagram’, which were: control chart, histogram, flow chart, run chart, scatter diagram and Pareto chart. 

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